Thomas Farm (Miocene of the United States)

Where: Gilchrist County, Florida (29.7° N, 82.6° W: paleocoordinates 30.0° N, 78.9° W)

• coordinate based on political unit

• outcrop-level geographic resolution

When: Alachua Formation, Hemingfordian (20.4 - 16.0 Ma)

• member-level stratigraphic resolution

Environment/lithology: terrestrial; calcareous sandstone and blue claystone

• fossils are from multiple horizons including a "joint clay"; a "layer of clayballs"; a "lime sand"; a bed of limestone "boulders" with "gravel and lime sand" matrix; and a "laminated bluish clay"; most of the material is from the "lime sand"

Size classes: macrofossils, mesofossils

Collected by C. Simpson, T. Barbour. P. Brodkorb in (Simpson), 1938 - 1942 (MCZ), 1959 (Brodkorb); reposited in the FLMNH, MCZ

Collection methods: bulk, quarrying, sieve,

Primary reference: T. E. White. 1942. The Lower Miocene mammal fauna of Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 92(1):1-49 [J. Alroy/J. Alroy/J. Alroy]more details

Purpose of describing collection: taxonomic analysis

PaleoDB collection 18597: authorized by John Alroy, entered by John Alroy on 18.02.1993, edited by John Hunter, Jonathan Marcot, Jason Head, Matthew Carrano, Brian Beatty, Richard Hulbert, Terri Cleary and Mark Uhen

Creative Commons license: CC BY (attribution)

Taxonomic list

• six fossiliferous levels, but no detectable faunal turnover: Pratt 1990
NISP 2445, based on Pratt 1990, but this excludes small mammals (NISP 82+) and includes 250 specimens that may be specifically indeterminate; total about 2527; Pratt and Morgan 1989 report 81 specimens of two species for which Black 1963a reported 5, hence his 105 specimens in three other species may now be represented by about 1700, for a rough total of 1783 small mammals and 4310 overall
Show authors, comments, and common names
unclassified
  -
Mephitaxus ancipidens n. sp., Compsothlypidae indet.27
Amphibia
 Salientia - Pelobatidae
"Scaphiopus cf. holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki2
"Scaphiopus cf. holbrooki" = Scaphiopus (Scaphiopus) holbrooki2 Harlan 1835 Eastern spadefoot toad
 Salientia - Bufonidae
Bufo praevius25
Bufo praevius25 Tihen 1951 toad
 Salientia - Microhylidae
Microhyla sp.2
Microhyla sp.2 Tschudi 1838 frog
 Salientia - Ranidae
Rana sp.2
Rana sp.2 Linnaeus 1758 frog
 Salientia - Hylidae
Hyla goini n. sp.2, Proacris mintoni n. gen. n. sp.13
Hyla goini n. sp.2 Auffenberg 1956 tree frog
Proacris mintoni n. gen. n. sp.13 Holman 1961 tree frog
 Caudata - Urodela
Siren hesterna n. sp.11
Siren hesterna n. sp.11 Goin and Auffenberg 1955 siren
Reptilia
 Squamata - Gekkonidae
sensu lato Gekkonidae indet.10
sensu lato Gekkonidae indet.10 Gray 1825 gecko
MCZ 3382, a right dentary
 Squamata -
Peltosaurus floridanus n. sp.26
Peltosaurus floridanus n. sp.26 Vanzolini 1952 squamates
 Squamata - Colubridae
Pseudocemophora antiqua n. gen. n. sp.3, Paraoxybelis floridanus n. gen. n. sp.3
Pseudocemophora antiqua n. gen. n. sp.3 Auffenberg 1963 colubrid snake
Paraoxybelis floridanus n. gen. n. sp.3 Auffenberg 1963 colubrid snake
 Squamata -
Scolecophidia indet.16
Scolecophidia indet.16 snake
UF 268700-01, 271962-67, 12 trunk vertebrae
 Squamata - Loxocemidae
Ogmophis pauperrimus n. sp.26
Ogmophis pauperrimus n. sp.26 Vanzolini 1952 Mexican burrowing snake
 Squamata - Boidae
"Neurodromicus stanolseni n. sp." = Boa constrictor26, "Neurodromicus barbouri n. sp." = Boa constrictor26, Calamagras floridanus n. sp.3, Pterygoboa sp.17, Anilioides minuatus n. gen. n. sp.3
"Neurodromicus stanolseni n. sp." = Boa constrictor26 Linnaeus 1758 boa
"Neurodromicus barbouri n. sp." = Boa constrictor26 Linnaeus 1758 boa
Calamagras floridanus n. sp.3 Auffenberg 1963 dwarf boa
Pterygoboa sp.17 Holman 1976 sand boa
Anilioides minuatus n. gen. n. sp.3 Auffenberg 1963 boa
 Testudines - Emydidae
Pseudemys sp.32
Pseudemys sp.32 Gray 1856 cooter
compared to P. floridana group
 Testudines - Testudinidae
Testudo tedwhitei n. sp.32
Testudo tedwhitei n. sp.32 Williams 1953 turtle
Aves
 Galliformes - Cracidae
Boreortalis laesslei n. gen. n. sp.7
Boreortalis laesslei n. gen. n. sp.7 Brodkorb 1954 chachalaca
 Falconiformes - Falconoidae
"Proictinia floridana n. sp." = Promilio floridanus8, Promilio epileus n. sp.28, Promilio brodkorbi n. sp.28
"Proictinia floridana n. sp." = Promilio floridanus8 Brodkorb 1956 raptor
Promilio epileus n. sp.28 Wetmore 1958 raptor
MCZ 2719
Promilio brodkorbi n. sp.28 Wetmore 1958 raptor
Brodkorb Coll. 1775
 Accipitriformes - Accipitridae
? Buteo sp.6
? Buteo sp.6 de Lacepède 1799 hawk
 Charadriiformes - Rhegminornithidae
Rhegminornis calobates n. gen. n. sp.27
Rhegminornis calobates n. gen. n. sp.27 Wetmore 1943 shorebird
 Suliformes - Anhingidae
"Phalacrocorax subvolans n. sp." = Anhinga subvolans8
"Phalacrocorax subvolans n. sp." = Anhinga subvolans8 Brodkorb 1956 darter
 Passeriformes - Parulidae
Parulidae indet.6
Parulidae indet.6 Wetmore et al. 1947 perching bird
 Coraciiformes -
Coraciiformes indet.6
 Piciformes - Capitonidae
Capitonidae indet.6
Capitonidae indet.6 Bonaparte 1840 barbet
 Columbiformes - Columbidae
Columbidae indet.27
Columbidae indet.27 Illiger 1811 dove
 Cuculiformes - Cuculidae
Cuculidae indet.23, Thomasococcyx philohippus n. gen. n. sp.23
Cuculidae indet.23 Leach 1820 cuckoo
Thomasococcyx philohippus n. gen. n. sp.23 Steadman 2008 cuckoo
Reptilia
 Crocodylia - Alligatoridae
Alligator olseni n. sp.30
Alligator olseni n. sp.30 White 1942 alligator
MCZ 1887 - type (skull)
Mammalia
 Rodentia - Heteromyidae
"Proheteromys magnus" = Harrymys magnus20, Proheteromys floridanus20
"Proheteromys magnus" = Harrymys magnus20 Wood 1932 rodent
Proheteromys floridanus20 Wood 1932 rodent
Black 1963a
 Rodentia - Mylagaulidae
Mylagaulidae indet.1
Mylagaulidae indet.1 Cope 1881 rodent
 Rodentia - Sciuridae
Petauristodon pattersoni22, cf. Miospermophilus sp.22, Nototamias hulberti22
Petauristodon pattersoni22 Pratt and Morgan 1989 squirrel
includes "Prosciurus? sp." of Black 1963a (1 specimen)
cf. Miospermophilus sp.22 Black 1963 squirrel
Nototamias hulberti22 Pratt and Morgan 1989 squirrel
(Black 1963a lists 4)
 Rodentia -
cf. Texomys sp.4
cf. Texomys sp.4 Slaughter 1981 rodent
 Theriamorpha - Soricidae
Limnoecus sp.19
Limnoecus sp.19 Stirton 1930 shrew
said to be a new species; NISP not clear; "Soricidae indet."
 Carnivora - Amphicyonidae
Amphicyon longiramus n. sp., "Cynelos caroniavorus" = Cynelos caroniavorus24, "Parictis bathygenus n. sp." = Cynelos caroniavorus31
Amphicyon longiramus n. sp. White 1942 bear-dog
includes "A. intermedius" type of White 1940
"Cynelos caroniavorus" = Cynelos caroniavorus24 White 1942 bear-dog
"Parictis bathygenus n. sp." = Cynelos caroniavorus31 White 1942 bear-dog
 Carnivora - Mustelidae
Zodiolestes freundi n. sp.14, Oligobunis floridanus n. sp.31, Mustelinae indet.24, Leptarctus ancipidens20
Zodiolestes freundi n. sp.14 Labs Hochstein 2007 mustelid carnivore
Oligobunis floridanus n. sp.31 White 1947 mustelid carnivore
Mustelinae indet.24 Fischer 1817 mustelid carnivore
Leptarctus ancipidens20 White 1941 mustelid carnivore
 Carnivora - Ursidae
"Aelurodon johnhenryi n. sp." = Phoberocyon johnhenryi31
"Aelurodon johnhenryi n. sp." = Phoberocyon johnhenryi31 White 1947 bear
 Carnivora - Canidae
"Paradaphoenus tropicalis n. sp." = Osbornodon iamonensis, Phlaocyon sp.12, "Aelurocyon spissidens n. sp." = Euoplocyon spissidens31, "Tomarctus canavus n. sp." = Metatomarctus canavus, "Nothocyon insularis" = Metatomarctus canavus31
"Paradaphoenus tropicalis n. sp." = Osbornodon iamonensis Sellards 1916 canid
includes "P. nobilis" of White 1942
Phlaocyon sp.12 Matthew 1899 bone-crushing dog
new material
"Aelurocyon spissidens n. sp." = Euoplocyon spissidens31 White 1947 bone-crushing dog
"Tomarctus canavus n. sp." = Metatomarctus canavus Simpson 1932 bone-crushing dog
"Nothocyon insularis" = Metatomarctus canavus31 Simpson 1932 bone-crushing dog
 Perissodactyla - Equidae
Parahippus leonensis, Anchitherium clarencei, Archaeohippus blackbergi1
Parahippus leonensis Sellards 1916 anchitheriine horse
includes "P. barbouri" type of White 1942, and apparently "Merychippus gunteri" of White 1942
Anchitherium clarencei Simpson 1932 anchitheriine horse
may include "Miohippus sp." of White 1942
Archaeohippus blackbergi1 Hay 1924 anchitheriine horse
 Perissodactyla - Rhinocerotidae
Floridaceras whitei33, Menoceras barbouri33
Floridaceras whitei33 Wood 1964 rhinoceros
"Rhinocerotidae, Gen. et. sp. nov."
Menoceras barbouri33 Wood 1964 rhinoceros
 Artiodactyla - Protoceratidae
Synthetoceras australis20, "Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi n. sp." = Prosynthetoceras texanus31
"Synthetoceras (Prosynthetoceras) douglasi n. sp." = Prosynthetoceras texanus31 Hay 1924 protoceratid
 Artiodactyla - Palaeomerycidae
Diabolocornis simonsi5
Diabolocornis simonsi5 Beatty 2010 ruminant
UF 216543 (holotype)
 Artiodactyla - Moschidae
Machaeromeryx gilchristensis n. sp., Parablastomeryx floridanus n. sp.
Machaeromeryx gilchristensis n. sp. White 1941 musk deer
Parablastomeryx floridanus n. sp. White 1940 musk deer
 Artiodactyla - Camelidae
"Floridatragulus dolichanthereus n. sp." = Floridatragulus dolichanthereus, "Floridatragulus barbouri n. sp." = Floridatragulus dolichanthereus31, "Oxydactylus floridanus n. sp." = Nothokemas floridanus, "Nothokemas grandis n. gen. n. sp." = Nothokemas floridanus31
"Floridatragulus dolichanthereus n. sp." = Floridatragulus dolichanthereus White 1940 camel
includes "Hypermekops olseni" type of White 1942; see also Patton 1967
"Floridatragulus barbouri n. sp." = Floridatragulus dolichanthereus31 White 1940 camel
"Oxydactylus floridanus n. sp." = Nothokemas floridanus Simpson 1932 camel
see Simpson 1932;
"Nothokemas grandis n. gen. n. sp." = Nothokemas floridanus31 Simpson 1932 camel
 Artiodactyla - Merycoidodontidae
Merycoidodon sp.21
Merycoidodon sp.21 Leidy 1848 oreodont
"cf. Merychyus" of Maglio 1966, MacFadden 1982
 Artiodactyla - Tayassuidae
Floridachoerus olseni n. sp.29
Floridachoerus olseni n. sp.29 White 1941 peccary
 Chiroptera -
Chiroptera indet.20
Chiroptera indet.20 Blumenbach 1779 bat
several species of bats
 Chiroptera - Natalidae
Primonatalus prattae n. gen. n. sp.18
Primonatalus prattae n. gen. n. sp.18 Morgan and Czaplewski 2003 funnel-eared bat
natalid bat
 Chiroptera - Vespertilionidae
Suaptenos whitei n. gen. n. sp.15, Karstala silva n. gen. n. sp.9, Miomyotis floridanus n. gen. n. sp.15
Suaptenos whitei n. gen. n. sp.15 Lawrence 1943 vesper bat
Karstala silva n. gen. n. sp.9 Czaplewski and Morgan 2001 vesper bat
vespertilionid bat
Miomyotis floridanus n. gen. n. sp.15 Lawrence 1943 vesper bat
1Alroy 2002; 2Auffenberg 1956; 3Auffenberg 1963; 4Baskin 1986; 5Beatty 2010; 6Becker 1987; 7Brodkorb 1954; 8Brodkorb 1956; 9Czaplewski and Morgan 2001; 10Daza et al. 2014; 11Goin and Auffenberg 1955; 12Hayes 2000; 13Holman 1961; 14Labs Hochstein 2007; 15Lawrence 1943; 16Mead 2013; 17Mead and Schubert 2013; 18Morgan and Czaplewski 2003; 19Morgan and Pratt 1988; 20Olsen 1962; 21Pratt 1990; 22Pratt and Morgan 1989; 23Steadman 2008; 24Tedford and Frailey 1976; 25Tihen 1951; 26Vanzolini 1952; 27Wetmore 1943; 28Wetmore 1958; 29White 1941; 30White 1942; 31White 1947; 32Williams 1953; 33Wood 1964